The Day They Killed the Dollar
Editor's note: Gold's value isn't going anywhere...
Throughout history, the metal has been a reliable way to protect your wealth in times of economic turmoil. And while geopolitical uncertainty has caused its price to fluctuate, Gold Stock Analyst editor John Doody says gold will keep soaring higher in the end...
In today's Masters Series, originally from the August 2021 issue of Gold Stock Analyst, John details the events that led gold to skyrocket for the past five decades... and explains what the metal's price says about today's government policies...
The Day They Killed the Dollar
More than 50 years ago, the U.S. dollar was murdered...
It was August 15, 1971, and it could have been a scene from The Godfather. The killers had been called to Camp David – a remote, wooded setting 50 miles northwest of Baltimore.
All five of the major family bosses had been summoned. Those present included John Connally from the U.S. Treasury family, Arthur Burns and Paul Volcker from the Federal Reserve branch, George Shultz from the Office of Management and Budget, and Peter Peterson from the Wall Street family.
The future secretary of state, Henry Kissinger, was there by phone as consigliere and representative of international interests. Of course, the bosses' aides and henchmen were also present.
All were brought together on that hot, mid-August weekend by the only man in the world with the power to do so... the boss of all bosses, President Richard Nixon.
They were assembled to resolve three of the country's worsening economic problems in 1971 – and to do so well before Nixon's 1972 presidential reelection campaign. Inflation was high and rising. Unemployment was high and growing. And Fort Knox was running out of gold, as other countries were taking the gold that backed the U.S. dollar.
If government leaders did nothing, the U.S. economy would continue to deteriorate. And Nixon could kiss his reelection goodbye.
The three days of discussion led to three major changes...
First, to combat the 6.1% unemployment and the 5.8% inflation rates, wages and prices were frozen for 90 days. The government hadn't taken such a dramatic measure since 1942, in the midst of World War II.
Second, these Republican Party leaders, who normally espoused free trade, imposed a 10% surcharge on all imported goods. This was to ensure that American-made products wouldn't be at a price disadvantage versus foreign-made goods if currencies reacted negatively against the U.S. dollar due to their actions.
Third, they closed the "gold window" – the imaginary bank-teller window in the U.S. Treasury building where nations brought in their paper dollars and left with Fort Knox gold. This was the most significant action taken on that August weekend in 1971. And the edict survives today. As a result, no nation can exchange its paper dollars for U.S. gold. By ending the dollar's convertibility into gold, these leaders set it adrift, totally unanchored and subject to being blown to and fro by economic winds from any direction.
At the time, the public hardly noticed the gold change. The freeze on wages and prices had an immediate effect on people's lives. Plus, the public itself had lost the ability to own gold.
Thirty-eight years earlier, President Franklin D. Roosevelt had ordered all Americans to turn in their gold for $20.67 per ounce in paper money by May 1, 1933. In 1971, there was little reason for the public to protest – or even care.
On January 30, 1934, FDR had followed up the confiscation by raising the statutory gold price to $35 per ounce. He hoped to encourage miners to increase production and exchange their ounces for $35 in currency.
This immediately devalued the dollar by 40%... But it made holding U.S. dollars as monetary reserves more attractive to foreign central banks. That's because their greenbacks could be readily exchanged in any quantity for U.S. gold at the new fixed $35-per-ounce price. In a time of need, central banks are always more concerned about an asset's liquidity than its price.
Closing the gold window in 1971 was a necessity. Over the prior decades, so many dollars had been printed and exported to buy foreign goods and services – and to fight the Vietnam War – that there was no longer enough gold at Fort Knox to redeem all the foreign-held greenbacks.
In 1945, at the end of WWII, the U.S. had more than half of the world's official gold reserves – 574 million ounces. But by 1971, the dollar's "good as gold" status was threatened. That July, Switzerland redeemed $50 million for gold, and France followed later that month by exchanging $191 million of paper for the metal.
This drip-drip depletion was exacerbated between 1968 and 1970, as the metal was generally trading between $35 and $43.75 in the open markets. Some smaller governments were even arbitraging the price difference... cashing in dollars for gold at $35 and then selling the ounces for an immediate profit of 10% to 20%.
At the end of that weekend at Camp David, President Nixon announced the changes in a televised speech to the nation. He said the decisions were to "protect the position of the American dollar as a pillar of monetary stability around the world."
The bosses' actions worked. Inflation was stymied for a short while – until the 1973 Arab oil embargo – and unemployment was stabilized. Voters approved... and on November 7, 1972, Nixon was reelected.
The price of gold rose and rose and rose. In August 1971, gold averaged $43 per ounce. And by November 1972, it was at $63 per ounce – up more than 80% from the fixed $35 per ounce. Gold never looked back, breeching $100 per ounce in September 1973 and zigzagging above $2,000 per ounce in August 2020... and again last week.
And while it has zagged lower at certain points, that's just due to short-term traders selling. Long-term investors know to buy these dips. The economic policies that drive gold higher are unchanged.
Of course, the paper dollar wasn't eliminated. As a fiat currency, its purchasing power was destroyed... unanchored to anything to give it value. Gold's price has soared, while the value of the dollar has fallen.
The dollar's future is already written. Europe and Canada no longer print single units of their currency. One and two units of their currencies are now just coins, like nickels or quarters. That day is coming for the U.S.
Over the 50 years following that 1971 meeting, the ending of the dollar's direct link to gold had consequences for investors and their savings that continue today...
Gold has soared from $35 per ounce to $1,943 per ounce. That's a gain of almost 5,500%. Yes, the metal has had some ups and downs, but it always comes back to soar higher.
One constant factor driving gold is that politicians' No. 1 job is to get reelected. To do so, they're always trying to get nine slices out of an eight-slice pizza and reward voters. This economic trickery requires policies that are either inflationary or involve deficit spending... or both. The gold price is the barometer that shows the impact of these policies.
As you can see in the chart below, it now takes more than $7 to buy the same "stuff" that cost $1 in 1971.
And in the next chart, you can see the dollar has lost 86% of its purchasing power over that period...
How can an investor protect his savings? By owning assets that grow in value faster than the dollar falls. This has traditionally been accomplished by owning the right real estate... income-producing assets... solid stocks... and, of course, gold.
Good investing,
John Doody
Editor's note: Gold hit $2,000 last week... But John says that's nothing compared to what it could do next. If you're wondering if the rally can continue – and for how long – you won't want to miss his latest message...
In short, John believes recent events are creating the ideal setup for gold... and he's "pounding the table" on a small handful of the best, highest-upside gold stocks to target today. There's still time to stake a claim in what he says could be the biggest bull run for gold ever. Get the details here.